Bedau MA, McCaskill JS, Packard NH, Rasmussen S, Adami C, Green DG, Ikegami T, Kaneko K, Ray TS.(2000) Open problems in artificial life. Artif Life. 2000 Fall;6(4):363-76.
D.E. Goldberg (1989) Genetic Algorithms in search optimisation and machine learning. Addison Wesley. 412pp
H.H. Holland (1975) Adaptation in Natural and artificial systems. Univ of Michigan Press 183 pp. (reprinted 1992 MIT Press)
J.R. Koza (1992) Genetic Programming. MIT Press 819pp
Mitchell, M. (1996) An introduction to genetic algorithms. MIT Press 204pp
Stefano Nolfi, Dario Floreano (2000) Evolutionary Robotics: The Biology, Intelligence, and Technology of Self-Organizing Machines (Intelligent Robotics and Autonomous Agents) MIT Press; ISBN: 0262140705 ;
D.M. Hillis (1992) Coevolving parasites improve simulated evolution as optimization procedure. in: Langton et al (eds.) Artificila Life II. Addison Wesley pp 313-324
Ray, T. (1992) An Approach to the synthesis of life. in Artificial Life II (eds. Langton et al.) Addison Wesley
Pagie, L. and Hogeweg, P. (1998) Evolving adaptability due to coevolving targets. Evolutionary computation 5:401-418 ps
Pargellis, A.N. (1996) The spontaneous generation of digital "life". Physica D 91:86-96
Pargellis AN. (2001) Digital life behavior in the Amoeba world. Artif Life. 2001 Winter;7(1):63-75.
Rosin, D. et al. (1998) Computational coevolution of antiviral drug resistance. in C. Adami et al (eds): Artificial Life VI p 81-94